At Wells Fargo, there's been a shocking, headline-making crisis of culture and ethics. At the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority's dispute-resolution forum, there could be standing room only before long with furious Wells advisors filing arbitration claims that the firm's scandalous sales practices have severely damaged their businesses.
So far, FAs aren't lining up. But if the first advisors who have indeed brought such complaints prevail, the proverbial floodgates will inevitably open.
Two former Wells advisors, John L. Perry and Robin Johnson, filed a complaint this month alleging that their team practice suffered significant damage as a result of the bank's misconduct. Perry reportedly argues that his business was down by half.
(Related: A Timeline of Wells Fargo's Scandals)
With Wells' wealth and investment management unit under investigation, safe to say it's only a matter of time until the firm is even more deeply embroiled in scandal. The bank's fraudulent cross-selling tactics extended from the bank to advisors working with their investment clients.
"That likely will be the next big shoe to drop at the firm," says George C. Miller, securities attorney and partner in Shustak Reynolds in San Diego.
He is representing another Wells Fargo advisor pursuing arbitration who cites loss of business as a result of Wells' ongoing woes.
Since the Los Angeles Times broke the news in 2013 about the bank's misconduct, Wells Fargo has been fined multiple times, notably, $185 million for opening more than 3 million fake and unauthorized accounts; $2.09 billion for knowingly issuing bad mortgage loans repackaged as securities; and $1 billion for forcing customers into auto insurance they didn't need.
The most recent penalty is a $65 million settlement following an investigation by the New York Attorney General's Office into the firm's misleading of investors by failing to disclose that its successful cross-selling was achieved through sales-practice misconduct.
The fraudulent sales practices were rooted in top management's pressure on bankers to sell eight different Wells products to each customer. In 2016, the company fired 5,300 employees connected with the fake deposit and credit card accounts.
As for advisors Perry and Johnson's arbitration, Wells holds that the conflict is a promissory-note dispute. "If an advisor leaves the company before fully repaying a promissory note, we use the FINRA dispute resolution process to collect," a Wells Fargo spokesperson said in a statement to ThinkAdvisor. "This claim is an attempt to avoid repaying their obligations. We still intend to collect."
Meantime, other Wells FAs are starting to come forward to file claims against the firm.
Miller's client joined Wells "within days" of the announcement of major sanctions against the bank.
The lawyer has in fact heard from dozens of other current and former Wells advisors claiming that their practices have been substantially hurt by the firm's bad behavior.
Further, the Chicago attorney representing Perry and Johnson, Andrew Stoltmann, reportedly has been contacted by more than 100 Wells advisors with similar grievances. He maintains a web page asking Wells advisors who say their business has been harmed to reach out to him.
Over the last two years, Wells has lost about 1,000 advisors because of both the scandals and planned retirement. Most of the working FAs have opened their own registered investment advisors, joined existing RIAs or become independent reps.
Certainly company scandals are the stuff of Wall Street history. But the magnitude of Wells' troubles makes the firm an outlier. Further, the bank's fraudulent sales practices have been headline fodder for more than two years now.
"Wells Fargo is the latest hamster in the wheel. Five years ago, for example, we would have been talking about UBS and how terrible their reputation was," says Christopher Vernon, partner in the financial dispute and FINRA arbitration firm of Vernon Litigation Group in Naples, Florida.
Reputational challenges are assuredly commonplace in the financial services industry. But in arbitrations against their firms, advisors, most of the time, do not come out on top.
"I've never seen any advisor get damages from a firm due to a reputational issue," says Mark Elzweig, the president of a New York City-based executive search consultancy that bears his name that specializes in recruiting financial advisors.
Elzweig says a case like Perry and Johnson's "isn't likely to be successful because when you sign with a firm, you're accepting that reputational issues come with the territory. These advisors would have to show that everyone else [FAs] at the firm lost business too — and at a comparable level."
Perhaps more than anything, the complaints brought by Wells advisors may shine a constructive light on the industry's controversial upfront bonus promissory-note system, which virtually handcuffs advisors to certain firms that they join. If they leave before the "loan" is completely repaid, the firm demands payment in full. If the matter winds up in FINRA arbitration, most advisors do not prevail.
In the case of Wells Fargo, many FAs with promissory notes still partially unpaid are continuing to work at a firm they no longer trust or respect. Further, the perception of Wells' corrupt culture has made many clients head for the exits and has impeded FAs' acquisition of new clients.
"The advisors are in a very difficult position: stuck at a firm with a large note hanging over their head," Miller observes.
Still, there are Wells FAs whom the scandals seem to have barely touched negatively and whose business has even increased during this difficult time.
"I know people who have joined Wells Fargo within the early weeks after the scandal first broke, and they successfully transferred all their accounts. They're doing very well now," Elzweig says. "Advisors who have close relationships with their clients are always able to navigate through a black cloud their firm may be under."
Net-net: If the first few advisors who have brought actions claiming they've been severely hurt should win their arbitrations, other Wells FAs would likely rush to sue as well.
"It will have a multiple-ripple effect," says Scott Silver, whose Coral Springs, Florida-based Silver Law Group has expertise in FINRA arbitration and securities fraud. "Other angry, frustrated brokers absolutely will be emboldened to bring the same type of claims."
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