Tort reform statutes evoke spirited arguments from the plaintiffs’ and defense bars. But as two state supreme court decisions from the final days of 2007 demonstrate, they also raise fundamental questions about the appropriate exercise of power by various branches of government in a constitutional democracy.

Since 1975, Ohio’s legislative and executive branches tried to effect tort reform by capping certain kinds of common law tort damages, mandating deductions of recovery from collateral sources and having judges (rather than juries) decide the amount of punitive damages. In a series of six opinions, however, the Ohio Supreme Court had consistently declared these statutes unconstitutional.

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