This Aug. 9, 2018, file photo, provided by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, shows a scene from a tour of South Texas Family Residential Center in Dilley, Texas. (Charles Reed/U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement via AP, File)

Months after the Trump administration announced an end to its wide-scale separation of migrant parents and children, the policy remains a heated issue in the courts and at the border as critics contend the government started breaking up immigrant families as far back as 2017 and is still doing so.

In San Diego, a federal judge on Thursday indicated he was considering a request by the American Civil Liberties Union to hold the government accountable for the separation of potentially thousands more children after a watchdog report revealed the government's policy was implemented as far back as July 2017.

Judge Dana Sabraw, who ordered the administration to end the family separation policy on June 26, 2018, and reunify 2,700 children being held in government custody at the time, said that date is now arbitrary in light of the inspector general's report that found the family separation policy started as a pilot program in El Paso in 2017.

Sabraw said the public has the right to know what the government did and the scope of it. He asked why wouldn't the case “include everyone who has been allegedly unlawfully separated? Why would it be tethered to an arbitrary date of June 26, 2018?”

He said there may be thousands more parents and children who were separated.

“We simply don't know,” Sabraw said. “There was no tracking. That's the harsh reality.”

Department of Justice attorney Scott Stewart objected, saying it would be a “significant burden” on the government to add the other families and “blow the case into some other galaxy” after the administration has “done all things to correct the wrong.”

The judge says he will issue his ruling soon.

The Texas Civil Rights Project, meanwhile, released a report Thursday indicating the government is still separating immigrant families. The report counts 272 separations at a single Texas courthouse since June, when President Donald Trump issued an executive order ending widespread separations amid public outrage.

The bulk of those cases involve children who cross the U.S.-Mexico border with relatives other than their parents, such as grandparents, uncles and aunts, or adult siblings.

Thirty-eight cases involved a parent or legal guardian, the majority of whom had criminal convictions, the group said.

In a statement, U.S. Customs and Border Protection argued the group incorrectly categorized cases involving other relatives because the Homeland Security Act “does not make concessions for anyone other than a parent or legal guardian.” CBP includes the Border Patrol, which apprehends people entering the U.S. illegally.

“What's happening is the government is doing separations unilaterally without any process to contest the separations and without a child welfare expert overseeing the separations,” ACLU lawyer Lee Gelernt said.

One concern, Gelernt and others said, is the fate of children cared for by relatives in arrangements that were never formalized.

In one case discovered by the Texas Civil Rights Project, an 11-year-old boy from Guatemala was separated from his uncle, who was his caretaker because his father had not been involved in his life and his mother had died of cancer, said Efren Olivares, a lawyer for the project.

“Those are very difficult situations, especially because the government takes the position that it is not their responsibility to reunite them because they are not the legal guardian,” he said.

Lawyers from the project have gone almost every day since last spring to the courthouse in McAllen to find adults charged with illegally entering the U.S. and ask them if they had brought any children. McAllen is in South Texas' Rio Grande Valley, the busiest corridor for illegal border crossings.

U.S. immigration authorities say that under anti-trafficking law, children crossing the border without a parent or legal guardian must be processed as “unaccompanied,” even if they are with an adult who isn't their parent or legal guardian.

“Absent verification that an adult is the parent or legal guardian of a minor, CBP will continue to prioritize the safety of a minor and comply with the statutory requirements,” the agency said.

Unaccompanied children and teenagers from Central America are generally sent to government facilities, while the adults could face detention and prosecution for illegally entering the U.S. Authorities can also separate parents and children if it considers separation to be in the child's best interest, with a parent's criminal history often being a factor.

Gelernt said the government should work to determine if an adult relative is the child's caretaker.

“There can't be a presumption that you just take the child away if it's not the biological or adoptive parent,” Gelernt said.

Members of Congress on Tuesday visited an emergency facility for migrant children in Homestead, which has expanded after the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services closed a facility in Tornillo, Texas, under public pressure.

U.S. Rep. Debbie Mucarsel-Powell, a Florida Democrat, said she had spoken to a girl who had been detained for nine months after being separated from her aunt. There were 1,575 children at the facility last week.

Another Florida Democrat, U.S. Rep. Donna Shalala, said the government's definition of an “unaccompanied minor” was too narrow and leads to unnecessary separations.

“If you don't come with a parent, but you come with an aunt, an uncle, a cousin, or a brother, you are defined as unaccompanied,” said Shalala, a former health and human services secretary. “We need to get these children to family members much more quickly.”

The government said in December it had separated 81 migrant children at the border since the June executive order. According to the government data, 197 adults and 139 minors were separated from April 19 through Sept. 30 because they were found to not be related, though that could include grandparents or other relatives if there was no proof of relationship.

The Health and Human Services Department's inspector general said last month that 118 children were separated from their parents from July 1 through Nov. 7.

Nomaan Merchant and Julie Watson report for the Associated Press. Associated Press journalists Colleen Long in Washington and Adriana Gomez Licon and Josh Replogle in Miami contributed to this report.