Rickman, Judge.Carpetcare Multiservices, LLC sued former independent contractor Elgin Thomas Carle for breach of contract due to his alleged violation of a non-compete covenant. Carle filed a motion for judgment on the pleadings that the trial court granted. The trial court found that the non-compete covenant was void and unenforceable because it did not contain a geographic limitation as required by OCGA § 13-8-53 (a). On appeal, Carpetcare contends that the trial court erred in finding the non-compete covenant void and unenforceable. For the following reasons, we affirm. A motion for judgment on the pleadings is authorized where the undisputed facts that appear from the pleadings establish that the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. All wellpleaded facts are to be accepted as true. However, the trial court is not required to adopt a party’s legal conclusions based on those facts.
(Citation and punctuation omitted.) Lapolla Industries v. Hess, 325 Ga. App. 256, 258 (2) (750 SE2d 467) (2013).So viewed, the record shows that Carpetcare provided cleaning, repairing, and resurfacing services to apartment complexes. Carpetcare primarily utilized independent contractors for its services, and Carle was one of Carpetcare’s independent contractors. As a condition of his contract, Carle signed a confidentiality and non-disclosure agreement (“the Agreement”) which contained a non-compete covenant.During Carle’s contractual relationship with Carpetcare, he performed resurfacing work at several apartment complexes, including Greenhouse Apartments. After working for Carpetcare for approximately one year and a half, Carle’s contractual relationship was terminated. Thereafter, Carle continued to provide resurfacing services to Greenhouse on behalf of his new employer, Carpetcare’s competitor. Carle also continued to provide resurfacing services at other apartment complexes he worked at while employed by Carpetcare. The complaint alleged that Carle’s continued work at Greenhouse and the other apartment complexes breached the non-compete covenant contained in the Agreement. The non-compete covenant provided, “[Carle] agrees that during the term of [Carle's] relationship with [Carpetcare], and for a period of one (1) year after [Carle's] last day worked for [Carpetcare], regardless of the reason for [Carle's] termination, [Carle] will not provide any service identified herein to any customer with whom [Carle] had any contact during the term of his employment with [Carpetcare].”Carpetcare contends that the trial court erred by granting Carle’s motion for judgment on the pleadings, holding that the non-compete covenant was void and unenforceable for failure to contain a geographic limitation as required by OCGA § 13-8-53 (a). We disagree.Pursuant to OCGA § 13-8-53 (a),”[e]nforcement of contracts that restrict competition during the term of a restrictive covenant, so long as such restrictions are reasonable in time, geographic area, and scope of prohibited activities, shall be permitted.” However, regarding non-solicitation covenants, “[n]o express reference to geographic area or the types of products or services considered to be competitive shall be required in order for the restraint to be enforceable.” OCGA § 13-8-53 (b). Here, where the parties agree that the restrictive covenant at issue is a non-compete as opposed to a non-solicitation, the statute further clarifies what types of geographic limitation are required. “The phrase ‘the territory where the employee is working at the time of termination’ or similar language shall be considered sufficient as a description of geographic areas if the person or entity bound by the restraint can reasonably determine the maximum reasonable scope of the restraint at the time of termination.” OCGA § 13-8-53 (c) (2). And certain presumptions regarding what is reasonable are built into the Code:In determining the reasonableness of a restrictive covenant that limits or restricts competition during or after the term of an employment or business relationship, the court shall make the following presumptions: . . . A geographic territory which includes the areas in which the employer does business at any time during the parties’ relationship, even if not known at the time of entry into the restrictive covenant, is reasonable provided that: (A) The total distance encompassed by the provisions of the covenant also is reasonable; (B) The agreement contains a list of particular competitors as prohibited employers for a limited period of time after the term of employment or a business or commercial relationship; or (C) Both subparagraphs (A) and (B) . . . OCGA § 13-8-56 (2). Additionally, “[a]ny restrictive covenant not in compliance with [OCGA § 13-8-50 through 13-8-59] is unlawful and is void and unenforceable; provided, however, that a court may modify a covenant that is otherwise void and unenforceable so long as the modification does not render the covenant more restrictive with regard to the employee than as originally drafted by the parties.” OCGA § 13-8-53 (d); see also OCGA § 13-18-54 (b).[1]“When we consider the meaning of a statute, we must presume that the General Assembly meant what it said and said what it meant.” (Citation and punctuation omitted.) Deal v. Coleman, 294 Ga. 170, 172 (1) (a) (751 SE2d 337) (2013). “To that end, we must afford the statutory text its ‘plain and ordinary meaning,’ we must view the statutory text in the context in which it appears, and we must read the statutory text in its most natural and reasonable way, as an ordinary speaker of the English language would.” (Citations and punctuation omitted.) Id. at 172-173 (1) (a). “[I]f the statutory text is ‘clear and unambiguous,’ we attribute to the statute its plain meaning, and our search for statutory meaning is at an end.” Id. at 173 (1) (a). OCGA § 13-8-53 (a) clearly provides that non-compete covenants are permitted “so long as such restrictions are reasonable in time, geographic area, and scope of prohibited activities[.]” As shown above, this same geographic restriction was excluded from OCGA § 13-8-53 (b) pertaining to non-solicitation agreements.Carpetcare argues that the term “geographic area” should not be interpreted literally and the limitation as to the type of customer Carle could not have contact with under the non-compete covenant should satisfy the geographic area requirement. However, this interpretation is inconsistent with the language in both OCGA §§ 13-8-53 and 13-8-56 and would not afford the statutory text its “plain and ordinary” meaning. See Deal, 294 Ga. 172 (1). Because the non-compete covenant did not contain any reference to a geographic area limitation, it failed to comply with OCGA § 13-8-53 (a), and, thus, the trial court correctly determined that it was void and unenforceable. See OCGA § 13-8-53 (d); see also Mayor v. Harris, 302 Ga. 853, 855 (808 SE2d 806) (2018) (“Because the statutory text of [the statute at issue] is clear and unambiguous, we attribute to the statute its plain meaning . . . and our search for statutory meaning is at an end.) (citation and punctuation omitted”); Deal, 294 Ga. at 173 (1) (a).Judgment affirmed. McFadden, P. J., concurs. Ray, J., dissents.**THIS OPINION IS PHYSICAL PRECEDENT ONLY. COURT OF APPEALS RULE 33.2(a).
