X

Thank you for sharing!

Your article was successfully shared with the contacts you provided.

Peterson, Justice. Joseph Williams appeals his convictions for malice murder, aggravated assault, and possession of a firearm during the commission of a felony, all stemming from an argument in a convenience store parking lot.[1] He argues that the evidence was insufficient to support his conviction for malice murder and that the trial court erred by issuing a sentence on the firearm possession count that was to run consecutively to the sentences on both of the other counts on which Williams was convicted. We conclude that the evidence was sufficient to support Williams’s convictions. But because the record shows that the trial court underestimated the breadth of its sentencing discretion, we vacate Williams’s sentence on the firearm possession count and remand for resentencing. Viewed in the light most favorable to the verdicts, the evidence at trial shows that Antonio Felton and his cousin Siedah Sanders stopped at a Bibb County convenience store on the night of March 30, 2012. Upon exiting his vehicle, Felton urinated on the ground, then entered the store. When he emerged from the store, he began to argue with Williams and Nuwrulhaqq Hamilton, who complained that Felton had urinated on their vehicle. Felton did not threaten the men and did not have a gun. Felton eventually entered his vehicle and drove out of the store’s parking lot along with Sanders, continuing to argue with Williams and Hamilton as he drove away. At one point after driving out of the parking lot, Felton told the men to “stay right there.” Williams then fired at Felton’s car multiple times, using a gun that Hamilton had passed to him at some point that night. A bullet hit Felton in the back of the head, killing him. 1. Williams challenges the sufficiency of the evidence to convict him of malice murder, arguing that the State failed to prove implied or express malice beyond a reasonable doubt. We disagree. As Williams acknowledges, malice murder may be shown by proof of implied malice. See OCGA § 16-5-1 (a). In a case involving implied malice, the [S]tate has the burden of proving beyond a reasonable doubt that no considerable provocation for the killing was present and that all the circumstances of the killing show an abandoned or malignant heart. But the question of whether or not a provocation, if any, is such a serious provocation as would be sufficient to excite a sudden, violent, and irresistible passion in a reasonable person, reducing the offense from murder to manslaughter, is generally for the jury. Browder v. State, 294 Ga. 188, 190 (1) (751 SE2d 354) (2013) (citations and punctuation omitted); see also OCGA § 16-5-1 (b). And when reviewing the sufficiency of the evidence, this Court must view the evidence in the light most favorable to the verdicts. See Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U. S. 307, 319 (99 SCt 2781, 61 LE2d 560) (1979). Viewed in this light, there was sufficient evidence from which the jury could find that Williams acted with at least implied malice when he shot Felton. That evidence shows that Williams shot at an unarmed man who was driving away, following an argument over a distasteful but relatively insignificant encroachment on personal property. Williams argues here that the evidence supports a conclusion that he was overcome with emotion incited by Felton’s statements and fired at Felton as a result of a sudden, violent, and irresistible passion that was reasonable under the totality of the circumstances.[2] But that is an argument that the jury was entitled to reject. See Browder, 294 Ga. at 191 (1) (sufficient evidence of implied malice, including no considerable provocation, where appellant fired two bullets from a vehicle, notwithstanding his testimony that he had intended only to fire the weapon into the air to scare those he thought were assailants). We conclude that there was sufficient evidence to authorize a jury to find Williams guilty of all of the crimes for which he was convicted.[3] 2. Williams also argues that the trial court erred when it ran his sentence for possession of a firearm consecutively both to his sentence for malice murder and to his sentence for the aggravated assault of Sanders. We conclude that the trial court underestimated the breadth of its sentencing discretion and therefore remand for resentencing. Under OCGA § 16-11-106 (b), a defendant convicted of possession of a firearm during the commission of certain felonies “shall be punished by confinement for a period of five years, such sentence to run consecutively to any other sentence which the person has received.” In Busch v. State, 271 Ga. 591 (523 SE2d 21) (1999), we construed the “run consecutively to any other sentence which the person has received” language of OCGA § 16-11-106 (b) as requiring that a sentence for possession of a firearm during the commission of a felony run consecutively only to the sentence for “the underlying felony for” the possession of a firearm offense. Id. at 594-595 (emphasis added); see also Braithwaite v. State, 275 Ga. 884, 889 (9) (572 SE2d 612) (2002) (“We have construed [the] language [of OCGA § 16-11-106 (b)] to mean that a firearm possession sentence must only run consecutively to the sentence for its underlying felony conviction.” (emphasis added)). The trial court retains the discretion to decide whether to run the firearms possession consecutively to, or concurrently with, sentences on counts other than the underlying felony. See Braithwaite, 275 Ga. at 889 (9); Busch, 271 Ga. at 595. Here, the indictment charged Williams with possessing a firearm during the aggravated assault of Felton. Although the jury found Williams guilty of that underlying felony, that felony merged into his conviction for malice murder. Apparently presuming that the trial court was thus required to run the sentence on his firearm possession charge consecutively to the malice murder sentence, Williams argues that the trial court erred by running his sentence on the firearm count consecutively to the sentence for the aggravated assault of Sanders, as well. But Williams’s presumption is incorrect. The merger of the count charging Williams with the aggravated assault of Felton meant that no sentence (or conviction) was entered on the felony underlying Williams’s firearm possession conviction. Thus, as suggested by the Attorney General in his brief before this Court, OCGA § 16-11-106 (b), as we construed it in Busch, did not require the trial court to run the sentence for Williams’s firearm possession count consecutively to his sentence on any other count, including the malice murder count. As noted above, the trial court retained the discretion to run Williams’s sentences consecutively to, or concurrently with, his sentences on other counts. And we generally presume that a trial court understood the nature of its discretion and exercised it, unless the record shows otherwise. See Wilson v. State, 302 Ga. 106, 108 (II) (a) (805 SE2d 98) (2017); see also Johnson v. State, 302 Ga. 188, 198 (3) (c) (805 SE2d 890) (2017) (recognizing a rebuttable presumption that a trial court follows the law). But the record rebuts that presumption here. At sentencing, both the prosecutor and Williams’s attorney told the trial court that the sentence on Williams’s firearm possession conviction had to run consecutively to some other sentence. The record contains no evidence that the trial court understood its obligations differently.[4] Compare Braithwaite, 275 Ga. at 889 (9) (rejecting claim of sentencing error under OCGA § 16-11-106 (b) where nothing in the record suggested that the court believed that it lacked discretion to run sentences concurrently). And where a trial court rules in a particular manner while erroneously believing that it lacks discretion to do otherwise, that is error. See Ellington v. State, 292 Ga. 109, 131 (7) (c) (735 SE2d 736) (2012), disapproved on other grounds by Willis v. State, 304 Ga. 686, 706 (11) n.3 (820 SE2d 640) (2018). Because we cannot affirm the firearm possession sentence as an exercise of discretion under Braithwaite, we vacate the sentence on the firearm possession count and remand for resentencing. Judgment affirmed in part and vacated in part and case remanded for resentencing. All the Justices concur.

 
Reprints & Licensing
Mentioned in a Law.com story?

License our industry-leading legal content to extend your thought leadership and build your brand.

More From ALM

With this subscription you will receive unlimited access to high quality, online, on-demand premium content from well-respected faculty in the legal industry. This is perfect for attorneys licensed in multiple jurisdictions or for attorneys that have fulfilled their CLE requirement but need to access resourceful information for their practice areas.
View Now
Our Team Account subscription service is for legal teams of four or more attorneys. Each attorney is granted unlimited access to high quality, on-demand premium content from well-respected faculty in the legal industry along with administrative access to easily manage CLE for the entire team.
View Now
Gain access to some of the most knowledgeable and experienced attorneys with our 2 bundle options! Our Compliance bundles are curated by CLE Counselors and include current legal topics and challenges within the industry. Our second option allows you to build your bundle and strategically select the content that pertains to your needs. Both options are priced the same.
View Now
July 22, 2024 - July 24, 2024
Lake Tahoe, CA

GlobeSt. Women of Influence Conference celebrates the women who drive the commercial real estate industry forward.


Learn More
September 05, 2024
New York, NY

The New York Law Journal honors attorneys and judges who have made a remarkable difference in the legal profession in New York.


Learn More
September 06, 2024
Johannesburg

The African Legal Awards recognise exceptional achievement within Africa s legal community during a period of rapid change.


Learn More

CLIENT SERVICES/Hospitality REPRESENTATIVE-FLORIDA OFFICE Prominent mid-Atlantic law firm with multiple regional office locations seeks a f...


Apply Now ›

Prominent mid-Atlantic law firm with multiple regional office locations seeks a legal practice assistant (LPA) for our Boca Raton, FL. Offic...


Apply Now ›

Description: Fox Rothschild has an opening in the Philadelphia, PA office for a litigation associate. The ideal candidate will have two to t...


Apply Now ›
06/27/2024
The American Lawyer

Professional Announcement


View Announcement ›
06/21/2024
Daily Business Review

Full Page Announcement


View Announcement ›
06/14/2024
New Jersey Law Journal

Professional Announcement


View Announcement ›