Cyber-Security Lock

When it comes to data breaches, the sticker shock isn't just from an outside counsel's invoice. 

The bankruptcy filing of Retrieval-Masters Creditors Bureau Inc., which collects medical bills under the name American Medical Collection Agency (AMCA), offers a cautionary example of the costs associated with a data breach. From reputational harms to notification spending and IT expenses, the non-litigation costs can be considerable.

In a June 17 filing in the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York, the company wrote it was left in financial distress after it announced its servers were hacked. Because of the security incident, AMCA exposed nearly 20 million Quest Diagnostic and LabCorp customers' data, including their birth dates, addresses, phone numbers and medical bill balances.

According to the bankruptcy filing, almost immediately after AMCA announced the breach, it was fired by LabCorp, and its financial losses continued to mount. Along with hiring IT personnel and consultants for $400,000, AMCA spent $3.8 million to mail over seven million individual notices in accordance to various states' data breach notification requirements. As a result of ballooning spending and losing its largest client, the company reduced its workforce and said it “no longer is optimistic that it will be able to rehabilitate its business.”

The news of AMCA's hefty costs stemming from a data breach highlights the consequences breaches can pose, said Connell Foley cybersecurity and data privacy chair Karen Painter Randall.

“The costs are outrageous [even] if you can afford it, but it appears in this case [AMCA] couldn't,” Randall said, adding, “It could be very complex and costly once you engage in the notification process.” 

She noted that every state has its own data breach notification law, placing a company that collects personal data from residents of various states under the scope of multiple requirements.

Some data breach notifications require mailed notice of the breach, making companies responsible for printing and paying to ship letters. “It adds up if you have millions of people,” said Davis Polk & Wardwell partner Avi Gesser.

Outside of the financial penalties doled out by law enforcement and regulators, a data breach can also sour public perception of a company and negatively impact its profits.

“'If you have the type of business—a cyber or law firm where people rely on you to keep their secrets—if you have experienced a data breach you may have a loss of confidence,” Gesser said. The bad press may also hurt in recruiting talent or keeping clients, he added.

Likewise, ransomware attacks that lock a company out of its own computer system can disrupt a business's operations and revenue. “One of the reasons why people are getting cyberinsurance is to cover these types of costs,” Gesser said.

Randall agreed and said a cyber liability policy could have covered a data breach like AMCA's.

“It would be interesting to know if the entity had a cyber liability insurance,” she said. “That would have covered a lot. My thought is they may not have had a cyber liability policy in place.”

According to the bankruptcy declaration, Retrieval-Masters Creditors Bureau's CEO Russell Fuchs personally loaned his company $2.5 million to cover mailing seven million breach notifications, a cost that could have been covered by a cyberinsurance plan, Randall noted.

“That gives you an example of what an incident response could cost. That's just the first-party loss, that doesn't include litigation costs and reputational costs,” she said.