The US Supreme Court Isn't as Polarized as You Think
A more nuanced view of the totality of the court's work is necessary, especially when assessing a term where there were indeed polarizing rulings.
September 06, 2018 at 03:23 PM
4 minute read
The likely confirmation of Brett Kavanaugh after this week's judiciary hearing will only reinforce and accentuate the idea of a highly polarized U.S. Supreme Court. While the picture of the justices constantly at each others' throats makes for a good story and fodder for punditry, the evidence suggests that this is not the whole story.
To be sure, there are major differences on some issues between the more liberal and more conservative wings of the court pitting the appointees of Democratic Party presidents against those appointed by Republicans. However, a review of the totality of the court's work during its most recent term suggests a more nuanced perspective on the work of the court and the interpersonal dynamics of the justices.
An examination of the 76 decisions rendered from last term, which includes signed opinions as well as unsigned per curiam opinions and orders, reveals that the justices were unanimous in 30 of the 76 (approximately 40 percent) of its rulings. This is a big chunk of the court's work that did not demonstrate polarization. And this level of consensus is consistent with findings by political scientists Pamela Corley, Amy Steigerwalt and Artemus Ward whose study published by Stanford University Press in 2013 was aptly titled, “The Puzzle of Unanimity: Consensus on the United States Supreme Court.”
Looking at only cases that raised a civil liberty claim (these tend to be the most contentious issues), the overall portrait differs from what might be expected from a deeply polarized court. According to my reading and classification of the past term, there were 40 cases in which a civil liberty claim was made. In 13 of them, the justices were unanimous. True, this is a decrease from the previous term when a majority of the civil liberties rulings were unanimously rendered. Yet even this fact is not necessarily a harbinger of things to come.
While limiting analysis to all cases in which a civil liberty claim was made, I was able to calculate the agreement scores among the justices. Specifically, for Justice Neil Gorsuch in his first full term on the court, his agreement scores with his colleagues were:
Gorsuch-Kennedy: 85 percent agreement
Gorsuch-Roberts: 82 percent agreement
Gorsuch-Alito: 82 percent agreement
Gorsuch-Thomas: 82 percent agreement
Aha, you might think, isn't this evidence polarization? But wait, look at the agreement scores with the more liberal wing of the court:
Gorsuch-Kagan: 68 percent agreement
Gorsuch-Ginsburg: 59 percent agreement
Gorsuch-Breyer: 59 percent agreement
Gorsuch-Sotomayor: 56 percent agreement
Looking at all other pairings, of course the more conservative justices tended to have higher agreement scores with each other and lower agreement scores with the more liberal justices. But the point is that most of those agreement scores were close to 50 percent agreement and rarely below 40 percent. This is far from the deeply polarized view of the court presented in the media.
Of course I do not mean to minimize the genuine differences among the justices as to the proper interpretation of the Constitution and statutes, and their policy differences on such matters as abortion and gay rights. But placed within the totality of the court's work, the significant levels of consensus demonstrated term after term underscore the fact, often lost in the punditry and blogosphere, that the Supreme Court is indeed a court of law. And that, according to the authors of the most extensive study of consensus over the past 70-plus years (Corley, Steigerwalt and Ward), “One of the central forces driving unanimity is law.” And also, it should be noted, are the efforts of the chief justice and other justices who are motivated to reach consensus when possible.
Yes, it does matter who sits on the court as the current controversy over nominee Kavanaugh brings into bold relief. But a more nuanced view of the totality of the court's work is necessary, especially when assessing a term where there were indeed polarizing rulings—though they occurred on a court that is not as polarized as some would have us think.
Sheldon Goldman is distinguished professor of political science at the University of Massachusetts Amherst.
This content has been archived. It is available through our partners, LexisNexis® and Bloomberg Law.
To view this content, please continue to their sites.
Not a Lexis Subscriber?
Subscribe Now
Not a Bloomberg Law Subscriber?
Subscribe Now
NOT FOR REPRINT
© 2024 ALM Global, LLC, All Rights Reserved. Request academic re-use from www.copyright.com. All other uses, submit a request to [email protected]. For more information visit Asset & Logo Licensing.
You Might Like
View AllProtecting Attorney-Client Privilege in the Modern Age of Communications
6 minute readLingering Questions at Supreme Court About Climate Change Litigation Need Resolution
6 minute readTrending Stories
Who Got The Work
Michael G. Bongiorno, Andrew Scott Dulberg and Elizabeth E. Driscoll from Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr have stepped in to represent Symbotic Inc., an A.I.-enabled technology platform that focuses on increasing supply chain efficiency, and other defendants in a pending shareholder derivative lawsuit. The case, filed Oct. 2 in Massachusetts District Court by the Brown Law Firm on behalf of Stephen Austen, accuses certain officers and directors of misleading investors in regard to Symbotic's potential for margin growth by failing to disclose that the company was not equipped to timely deploy its systems or manage expenses through project delays. The case, assigned to U.S. District Judge Nathaniel M. Gorton, is 1:24-cv-12522, Austen v. Cohen et al.
Who Got The Work
Edmund Polubinski and Marie Killmond of Davis Polk & Wardwell have entered appearances for data platform software development company MongoDB and other defendants in a pending shareholder derivative lawsuit. The action, filed Oct. 7 in New York Southern District Court by the Brown Law Firm, accuses the company's directors and/or officers of falsely expressing confidence in the company’s restructuring of its sales incentive plan and downplaying the severity of decreases in its upfront commitments. The case is 1:24-cv-07594, Roy v. Ittycheria et al.
Who Got The Work
Amy O. Bruchs and Kurt F. Ellison of Michael Best & Friedrich have entered appearances for Epic Systems Corp. in a pending employment discrimination lawsuit. The suit was filed Sept. 7 in Wisconsin Western District Court by Levine Eisberner LLC and Siri & Glimstad on behalf of a project manager who claims that he was wrongfully terminated after applying for a religious exemption to the defendant's COVID-19 vaccine mandate. The case, assigned to U.S. Magistrate Judge Anita Marie Boor, is 3:24-cv-00630, Secker, Nathan v. Epic Systems Corporation.
Who Got The Work
David X. Sullivan, Thomas J. Finn and Gregory A. Hall from McCarter & English have entered appearances for Sunrun Installation Services in a pending civil rights lawsuit. The complaint was filed Sept. 4 in Connecticut District Court by attorney Robert M. Berke on behalf of former employee George Edward Steins, who was arrested and charged with employing an unregistered home improvement salesperson. The complaint alleges that had Sunrun informed the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection that the plaintiff's employment had ended in 2017 and that he no longer held Sunrun's home improvement contractor license, he would not have been hit with charges, which were dismissed in May 2024. The case, assigned to U.S. District Judge Jeffrey A. Meyer, is 3:24-cv-01423, Steins v. Sunrun, Inc. et al.
Who Got The Work
Greenberg Traurig shareholder Joshua L. Raskin has entered an appearance for boohoo.com UK Ltd. in a pending patent infringement lawsuit. The suit, filed Sept. 3 in Texas Eastern District Court by Rozier Hardt McDonough on behalf of Alto Dynamics, asserts five patents related to an online shopping platform. The case, assigned to U.S. District Judge Rodney Gilstrap, is 2:24-cv-00719, Alto Dynamics, LLC v. boohoo.com UK Limited.
Featured Firms
Law Offices of Gary Martin Hays & Associates, P.C.
(470) 294-1674
Law Offices of Mark E. Salomone
(857) 444-6468
Smith & Hassler
(713) 739-1250