As U.S. Attorney General William Barr faced Senate Democrats on Wednesday, defending his rollout of Special Counsel Robert Mueller III's report on the Russia investigation, a separate storm brewed in a House hearing room half a mile away.

In preparation for a Thursday hearing with Barr, the House Judiciary Committee voted along party lines to allow Republican and Democratic staff to question the attorney general. It was just the move the Justice Department warned would deter Barr from appearing. Hours after his Senate testimony, Barr announced he wouldn't be showing up Thursday.

In a statement, a Justice Department spokesperson described the conditions set by the committee's chairman, U.S. Rep. Jerrold Nadler, D-New York, as “unprecedented and unnecessary.”

“Congress and the executive branch are co-equal branches of government, and each have a constitutional obligation to respect and accommodate one another's legitimate interests. Chairman Nadler's insistence on having staff question the attorney general, a Senate-confirmed cabinet member, is inappropriate,” Justice Department spokeswoman Kerri Kupec said. “Further, in light of the fact that the majority of the House Judiciary Committee—including Chairman Nadler—are themselves attorneys, and the chairman has the ability and authority to fashion the hearing in a way that allows for efficient and thorough questioning by the members themselves, the chairman's request is also unnecessary.”

Nadler responded that the committee would still convene “as planned” Thursday morning.

“Although we have worked around the clock to address his concerns, Attorney General Barr has informed us that he will not attend tomorrow's hearing. Given his lack of candor in describing the work of the special counsel, our members were right to insist that staff counsel be permitted to question the attorney general,” he said. “I understand why he wants to avoid that kind of scrutiny, but when push comes to shove, the administration may not dictate the terms of a hearing in our hearing room.”

Jerrold Nadler Congressman Jerrod Nadler (D-NY) chairs a House Judiciary Committee meeting. Photo: Diego M. Radzinschi/NLJ

Barr's move only further escalated tensions between the Trump administration and House Democrats. In recent weeks, Trump has decried House Democrats' subpoenas and other demands for information as partisan and stated publicly that he is opposed to current and former White House officials testifying before Congress.

Last week, two Trump administration officials skipped depositions with the House Oversight and Reform Committee. In both cases, the officials cited objections to a House rule that prevents administration lawyers from sitting in on depositions of government officials.

On Wednesday, Republicans on the House Judiciary Committee criticized the move to allow staff to question Barr, saying it would be make the hearing resemble an impeachment proceeding. Staff-led questioning would, in fact, not be without precedent: As former Obama White House counsel Neil Eggleston, now a partner at Kirkland & Ellis, noted Tuesday, congressional staff conducted questioning in hearings in 1987 concerning the Iran-Contra affair.

In a statement earlier this week, Nadler said the House has permitted staff “to question witnesses in the past, under both Democratic and Republican majorities, during both public hearings and private transcribed interviews.”

On Wednesday, Republicans appeared to goad Democratic members of the committee. Their question to Democrats: Why not handle the questioning yourselves?

“You can do this,” said U.S. Rep. Doug Collins of Georgia, the top Republican on the committee. “If a staff member wants to ask questions, run for Congress. Put your money down, take a chance and run for Congress.”

The Democrats' question to Republicans: What is Barr afraid of?

“Attorney General Barr publicly committed to being transparent regarding the special counsel investigation. He should welcome the opportunity to speak candidly and at length before the House Judiciary Committee and the American people,” Nadler said. “I don't know what he's afraid of from questioning by staff counsel.”

Nadler's format said lawmakers would first get to question Barr, followed by an additional hour of questioning that would be evenly split by Democratic and Republican staff. The format, he said, would foster a more in-depth conversation about Mueller's findings on Russia's interference in the 2016 and instances of possible obstruction by Trump.

In his office's 448-page report, Mueller determined the Trump campaign did not conspire with the Kremlin to interfere in the election, but he did not reach a conclusion on whether Trump sought to obstruct the investigation. Mueller said that “while this report does not conclude that the president committed a crime, it also does not exonerate him.” Barr and Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein, acting on their own, formally rejected any obstruction charge against Trump.

Though vocal in their opposition to staff questioning, House Republicans on Tuesday supported a proposal to provide an additional hour split between the Republican and Democratic sides. Lawmakers appeared to welcome the prospect of posing questions without a five-minute time limit.

As U.S. Rep. Matt Gaetz, Republican of Florida, put it, “The five-minute rule sucks.”