A federal trial judge in Washington and former Big Law partner who served as an unpaid volunteer on President Donald Trump's presidential transition team will oversee the U.S. House lawsuit that seeks to force the Treasury Department and IRS to disclose several years of the president's tax returns.

The judge, Trevor McFadden, who joined the bench from the Justice Department in 2017, was randomly assigned the case Wednesday. The House filed suit this week, arguing the Trump administration is violating federal law by refusing to turn over Trump's tax returns to the House Ways and Means Committee.

Federal law commands that U.S. tax officials “shall” disclose any private citizen's returns on the request of the committee. Justice Department and Treasury officials contend, in their refusal to comply with a congressional subpoena, that lawmakers are acting outside the scope of their authority.

A dispute about whether McFadden should recuse in an unrelated subpoena case that came before him in 2017 raised questions about his ties to the Trump campaign, which he called “attenuated” and said would not affect his impartiality. He rejected the suggestion in that case, which involved the research firm Fusion GPS, to step down.

“I will evaluate any other real or potential conflict, or relationship that could give rise to an appearance of conflict, on a case-by-case basis and determine appropriate action, with the advice of parties and their counsel, including recusal where necessary,” McFadden said at the time of his nomination to the trial court.

Who is McFadden? Here's a brief snapshot of his career in the law.

>> McFadden is a former Baker McKenzie white-collar partner in Washington who joined the Justice Department in January 2017. He was a leading supervisory attorney in the criminal division at Main Justice, serving there until his appointment by Trump to the Washington federal trial court. At Main Justice, McFadden “was by far the most prolific U.S. government speaker on the anti-corruption circuit in early 2017,” according to a report by the law firm Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher. (McFadden was a summer associate at Gibson Dunn in 2005 and 2006.) McFadden, in various speeches, said prosecutors were committed to “vigorously” enforcing the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. McFadden was a partner at Baker McKenzie from 2015 to 2017, and he was an associate from 2013 to 2015. McFadden estimated that about 20% of his work at Baker & McKenzie was in litigation. McFadden was an assistant U.S. attorney in Washington from 2009 to 2013. He clerked for Judge Steve Colloton of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit in 2006. In 2008, McFadden served as counsel to then-Deputy Attorney General Mark Filip, who now leads the government enforcement defense and international investigations team at Kirkland & Ellis.

Baker & McKenzie Baker McKenzie offices in Washington, D.C. Photo: Diego M. Radzinschi

>> McFadden's ties to the Trump presidential campaign were in focus in a subpoena fight that landed in front of McFadden. Lawyers for the research firm Fusion GPS, involved in the production of the so-called “Russia dossier,” were fighting efforts by a Russian businessman to get information from the company. Fusion's attorneys said McFadden should have stepped aside in the dispute. “The lawyers wrote that McFadden's impartiality could be questioned because of his work for President Donald Trump's transition team, his time as second in command at DOJ's Criminal Division and his representation of clients in private practice at Baker & McKenzie,” the National Law Journal reported last year.

McFadden declined the invitation. He called his service on Trump's team “sporadic and unpaid volunteer activity” that “did not make President Trump my employer.” McFadden said: “As a volunteer, I reviewed public-source information about potential cabinet appointees for approximately four hours every few weeks for two to three months.” He continued: “I did not come into contact with Mr. Trump or any of the senior members of his campaign team. In fact, I do not know the President and have never met him in any capacity.” He called his connection to Trump “attenuated.”

McFadden said at one point in the Fusion GPS subpoena case: “Whatever the President's political interests may be, Fusion has not shown that his personal fortune and personal freedom are jeopardized by the discovery dispute in the underlying case. Every president has a wide range of political interests, and President Trump has commented on a plethora of people, companies and cases. It cannot be that the president has a cognizable interest in every matter that has the potential to indirectly vindicate his public comments.”

>> McFadden recently said the U.S. House doesn't have legal “standing” to challenge how Trump is paying for the administration's border wall. “Few ideas are more central to the American political tradition than the doctrine of separation of powers,” McFadden wrote in the opening lines of his ruling. “Our Founders emerged from the Revolution determined to establish a government incapable of repeating the tyranny from which the Thirteen Colonies escaped. They did so by splitting power across three branches of the federal government and by providing each the tools required to preserve control over its functions.” The judge continued later: “While the Constitution bestows upon members of the House many powers, it does not grant them standing to hale the executive branch into court claiming a dilution of Congress's legislative authority. The court therefore lacks jurisdiction to hear the House's claims and will deny its motion.” Lawyers for the House are challenging McFadden's ruling on appeal.

>> McFadden got a call from the White House—about his candidacy for the trial bench—shortly after arriving at the Justice Department. “On March 2, 2017, I was contacted by the White House Counsel's Office and informed that I was one of the candidates being considered to fill a judicial vacancy on the United States District Court of the District of Columbia. Since that time, I have been in contact with officials from the White House Counsel's Office and the Office of Legal Policy at the Department of Justice,” McFadden said in a questionnaire submitted to the Senate Judiciary Committee. McFadden said in 2017 that he had been a member of the Federalist Society since 2003. He also served as co-chair of the Washington chapter of the University of Virginia Federalist Society Alumni. McFadden graduated from the University of Virginia School of Law in 2006. “I joined the Federalist Society as a law student because the group sponsored debates on important legal issues and I was interested in going on the group's annual trip to the Supreme Court,” McFadden told senators at the time of his nomination. He was asked whether he “agreed” with the views of the Federalist Society. His response: “I have not studied the views espoused by the Federalist Society. In any event, it would be improper for me to state a personal belief about matters that may come before me. If confirmed as a judge, I pledge to apply binding precedent to the facts before me.”