More than any rule of evidence, hearsay has been extensively defined and litigated in rule books and cases. The definition is well-settled: hearsay is an out-of-court statement offered for the truth of the matter asserted. See Fed. R. Evid. 801. And the exceptions to the general rule barring the admission of hearsay are all well-known. Whether it be the statement of a party opponent, a business record, a present sense impression, or an excited utterance, there are countless rules that allow for the admission of statements (including those contained in documents) that would otherwise be excluded as hearsay.