When criminal convictions are overturned, the prosecutors who built those cases are generally shielded from liability under the absolute immunity doctrine—even in matters where it was found that they fabricated evidence or hid potentially exculpatory information from the defense.

But a federal judge found that the former Tioga County district attorney who prosecuted a man convicted—and later cleared—of killing his wife in the hours after the 9/11 terrorist attacks falls into a narrow exception from the doctrine.