Antediluvians like me are typically resistant to change—particularly when it comes to using computers. Frankly, I border on electrocuting myself each morning when I turn mine on.

That admitted, I co-teach a law school class on judging where, for the last few years ever since ChatGPT and its ilk have come into vogue, I have notified our students that if we catch them using an AI platform to help their take-home final exam paper we will fail and report them to the dean’s office. So there! And just to independently check whether they are using it, I typically ask a friend far more technologically proficient than I to answer the final paper question posed to students using the most prominent large language models (LLMs)—Open AI’s ChatGPT, Google’s Gemini and Anthropic’s Claude—to check against. At least I know that much—get a guy!