On a recent drive from New York City to Rochester, one of the authors was awakened from the scenic monotony of Route 17 by a seemingly anomalous road sign southeast of Binghamton: “Entering Chesapeake Bay Watershed.” Although the Chesapeake is located in Maryland and Virginia, it turns out that the bay’s massive watershed extends all the way up to southern and central New York State, encompassing 6,250 square miles of 19 counties with a population of well over half a million New Yorkers.1

The Chesapeake Bay is the largest estuary in the United States, and is an incredibly diverse ecosystem. The bay has 3,600 species of plant and animal life, many of which are economically and ecologically important. However, the bay’s natural resources are continuously threatened by pollution. Nutrient and sediment runoff from within the watershed have led to low oxygen levels and algae blooms which have harmed many of the plants and animals that used to flourish in the bay. The bay is particularly susceptible to pollution problems because it is relatively shallow and has the largest land-to-water ratio of any coastal body of water in the world.2

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