X

Thank you for sharing!

Your article was successfully shared with the contacts you provided.

DECISION and ORDER   Currently pending before the Court, in this action to set aside fraudulent conveyances filed by Daniel J. Ventricelli (“Plaintiff”) against William F. Nicklin (“Defendant Nicklin”), Riverlife Investment Holdings LLC (“Defendant Riverlife”), Multi-Pack Holdings LLC (“Defendant Multi-Pack”), and Lynn E. Gorguze (“Defendant Gorguze”), are Defendant Gorguze’s motion to remand and Defendant Riverlife’s motion to transfer venue to the Southern District of New York. (Dkt. No. 25; Dkt. No. 30.) For the reasons set forth below, Defendant Gorzue’s motion to remand is denied and Defendant Riverlife’s motion to transfer venue is granted. I. RELEVANT BACKGROUND A. Relevant Procedural Background On September 13, 2017, C.L. King & Associates, Inc. (“C.L. King”) filed a Complaint in the Supreme Court of New York, Albany County, against Defendants Nicklin, Riverlife, Multi- Pack, and Gorguze (both in her individual capacity and as Trustee of the Lynn. E. Gorguze Separate Property Trust and the Vincent & Gloria Gorguze Trust). (Dkt. No. 1-1.) C.L. King also filed seven separate lawsuits against various members of Defendant Nicklin’s family. (Case Nos. 1:19-cv-0229, 1:19-cv-0234, 1:19-cv-0243, 1:19-cv-0244, 1:19-cv-0245, 1:19-cv-0248, 1:19-cv-0250.) In October 2018, Defendants Gorguze and Multi-Pack each filed a motion to dismiss for lack of personal jurisdiction in the New York State Supreme Court, Albany County.1 (Dkt. No. 1-9; Dkt. No. 40, at 6.) On January 18, 2019, Defendant Nicklin filed a voluntary Chapter 7 petition in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York, Bankruptcy Petition No. 19- 35092. (Dkt. No. 41, at 7 [Weiner Affidavit].) On February 21, 2019, Daniel J. Ventricelli (“Plaintiff”) was elected to serve as Trustee of the Estate at Defendant Nicklin’s Section 341 creditor meeting. (Dkt. No. 46, at 2.) On February 19, 2019, Defendant Riverlife filed a notice of removal pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §§1334, 1446, and 1452. (Dkt. No. 1.) In its Notice of Removal, Defendant Riverlife indicated that it would move to transfer venue to the Southern District of New York, the location of Defendant Nicklin’s Chapter 7 bankruptcy proceeding. (Dkt. No. 1, at 13.) On March 21, 2019, Defendant Gorguze filed a motion to remand this action back to the Supreme Court of New York, Albany County. (Dkt. No. 25.) On June 7, 2019, Defendant Riverlife filed a motion to transfer venue to the Southern District of New York, pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §1404(a). (Dkt. No. 30.) On September 13, 2019, Plaintiff submitted a reply to both motions, in which he consented to Defendant Riverlife’s motion to transfer venue to the Southern District of New York, and opposed Defendant Gorguze’s motion to remand this action to the New York Supreme Court, Albany County. (Dkt. No. 39.) A. Defendant Gorguze’s Motion to Remand 1. Summary of Defendant Gorguze’s Arguments Generally, in her motion to remand, Defendant Gorguze asserts two arguments. (Dkt. No. 25-2.) First, Defendant Gorguze argues that remand is both required and appropriate under the doctrine of mandatory abstention because all of the requisite factors are met. (Dkt. No. 25-2, at 4-6.) In the alternative, Defendant Gorguze argues that the Court should remand this action under the doctrines of permissive abstention and equitable remand. (Dkt. No. 25-2, at 6-10.) 2. Summary of Defendant Riverlife’s Response Generally, in response to Defendant Gorguze’s motion, Defendant Riverlife asserts two arguments. (Dkt. No. 35.) First, Defendant Rivelife argues that Defendant Gorguze fails to meet the elements for mandatory abstention because Defendant Gorguze cannot establish that this matter would be “timely adjudicated” in state court. (Dkt. No. 35, at 10-14.) Second, Defendant Riverlife argues that Defendant Gorguze’s permissive abstention and equitable remand arguments are meritless because Defendant Gorguze offers no compelling reason for permissive abstention. (Dkt. No. 35, at 14-17.) Defendant Riverlife offers a similar explanation regarding the doctrine of equitable remand. (Dkt. No. 35, at 14-17.) 3. Summary of Defendant Gorguze’s Reply Generally, in reply to Defendant Riverlife’s opposition, Defendant Gorguze asserts that the first five factors for mandatory abstention are undisputed, and that the New York State Supreme Court can timely adjudicate the immediate action. (Dkt. No. 43, at 5-11.) In the alternative, Defendant Gorguze reiterates her argument that the Court should apply the doctrines of permissive abstention and equitable remand in the interest of justice. (Dkt. No. 43, at 11-15.) B. Defendant Riverlife’s Motion to Transfer Venue 1. Summary of Defendant Riverlife’s Arguments2 Generally, in its motion to transfer venue, Defendant Riverlife argues that this action could have been originally filed in the Southern District of New York because all Defendants reside in New York State and the interests of justice, as well as the convenience of the parties and witnesses, weigh in favor of transferring venue to the Southern District of New York. (Dkt. No. 30-1, at 5-9.) 2. Summary of Defendant Gorguze’s Arguments Generally, in its opposition to Defendant Riverlife’s motion to transfer venue, Defendant Gorguze argues that this action could not have originally been filed in the Southern District of New York because not all Defendants in fact reside in New York State, and that the interests of justice weigh against transferring venue. (Dkt. No. 40, at 8-13.) Defendant Gorguze emphasizes the fact that multiple Defendants are domiciled outside of New York State and argues that the conveyances pursuant to a settlement agreement to non-family members are not related to the alleged fraudulent conveyances at issue in this action. (Dkt. No. 40, at 13.) 3. Summary of Defendant Riverlife’s Reply Generally, in its reply memorandum of law, Defendant Riverlife reiterates its argument that the interest of justice favors transferring venue to the Southern District of New York. (Dkt. No. 42, at 7-10.) Additionally, Defendant Riverlife argues that the Court has original jurisdiction over this matter. (Dkt. No. 42, at 5-6.) II. GOVERNING LEGAL STANDARDS A. Legal Standard Governing Motions to Remand “A motion to remand the case on the basis of any defect other than lack of subject matter jurisdiction must be made within 30 days after the filing of the notice of removal under 1446(a).” 28 U.S.C. §1447(c). Upon timely motion of a party in a proceeding based upon a State law claim or State law cause of action, related to a case under title 11 but not arising under title 11 or arising in a case under title 11, with respect to which an action could not have been commenced in a court of the United States absent jurisdiction under this section, the district court shall abstain from hearing such proceeding if an action is commenced, and can be timely adjudicated, in a State forum of appropriate jurisdiction.3 28 U.S.C. §1334(c)(2) (emphasis added). B. Legal Standard Governing Motions to Transfer Venue An action can only be brought in “(1) a judicial district where any defendant resides, if all defendants reside in the same State, [or] (2) a judicial district in which a substantial part of the events or omissions giving rise to the claim occurred, or a substantial part of property that is the subject of the action is situated….” 28 U.S.C. §1391. When a plaintiff’s choice of venue is improper, a district court may sua sponte transfer the case in the interest of justice and for the convenience of the parties and witnesses. See 28 U.S.C. §1406(a) (“The district court of a district in which is filed a case laying venue in the wrong division or district shall dismiss, or if it be in the interest of justice, transfer such case to any district or division in which it could have been brought.”); Concession Consultants, Inc. v. Mirisch, 355 F.2d 369, 371 n.3 (2d Cir. 1966) (noting that §1406(a) allows the district judge to dismiss the case or transfer venue sua sponte, even when venue is improper); Lead Indus. Assoc. v. Occupational Safety & Health Admin., 610 F.2d 70, 79 n.17 (2d Cir. 1979) (“The broad language of 28 U.S.C. §1404(a) would seem to permit a court to order transfer [s]ua sponte….”); Flaherty v. All Hampton Limousine. Inc., 01- CV-9939, 2002 WL 1891212, at *3 (S.D.N.Y. Aug. 16, 2002). “The purpose of [transferring venue] ‘is to prevent the ‘waste of time, energy and money’ and ‘to protect litigants, witnesses and the public against unnecessary inconvenience and expense.’” Flaherty, 2002 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 15171, at *3. III. ANALYSIS The Court will decide Defendant Gorguze’s motion to remand before turning to Defendant Riverlife’s motion to transfer venue, because, setting aside its aversion to transferring undecided motions to other district courts, the Court finds it improper to decide a motion to transfer a case over which it should abstain from exercising jurisdiction. A. Whether Defendant Gorguze’s Motion to Remand Should Be Granted Because Abstention Is Appropriate After carefully considering the matter, the Court answers this question in the negative for the reasons stated below. Under 28 U.S.C. §1452(a), any party to a state court civil action may remove a claim or cause of action to the local district court provided that the claim or cause of action meets the jurisdictional requirements of 28 U.S.C. §1334. 28 U.S.C. §1452(a). Federal district courts have “original but not exclusive jurisdiction of all civil proceedings arising under title 11, or arising in or related to cases under title 11.” 28 U.S.C. §1334(b). Litigation is “related to” “a pending bankruptcy proceeding [if] its outcome might have any ‘conceivable effect’ on the bankrupt estate.” In re Cuyahoga Equip. Corp., 980 F.2d 110, 114 (2d Cir. 1992). In general, the proponent of federal subject-matter jurisdiction has the burden of establishing that jurisdiction applies to a removed action. Blockbuster, Inc. v. Galeno, 472 F.3d 53, 56-58 (2d Cir. 2006). 1. Mandatory Abstention The party moving for remand under a mandatory abstention theory bears the burden of “demonstrating that all statutory requirements have been satisfied, and [the moving party] must offer some proof to support its assertions.” Marah Wood Productions, LLC, v. Jones, 534 B.R. 465, 475 (Bankr. Conn. 2015) (citing Parmalat Capital Fin. Ltd. v. Bank of Am. Corp., 639 F.3d 572, 580-82 [2d Cir. 2011] ["Parmalat 1"]). To determine whether abstention is required, courts consider the following six factors: (1) [whether] the motion to abstain was timely; (2) [whether] the action is based on a state law claim; (3) [whether] the action is related to but not arising in a bankruptcy case or arising under the Bankruptcy Code; (4) [whether] Section 1334 provides the sole basis for federal jurisdiction; (5) [whether] an action is commenced in state court; and (6) [whether]…the action can be timely adjudicated in state court. In re Refco, Inc. Secs. Litig., 628 F. Supp.2d 432, 445 (S.D.N.Y. 2008) (internal quotation marks omitted). Whether an action can be “timely adjudicated” in state court is determined by evaluating the following four factors: (1) the backlog of the state court’s calendar relative to the federal court’s calendar; (2) the complexity of the issues presented and the respective expertise of each forum; (3) the status of the title 11 bankruptcy proceeding to which the state law claims are related; and (4) whether the state court proceeding would prolong the administration or liquidation of the [bankruptcy] estate. Parmalat 1, 639 F.3d at 580. When analyzing the “timely adjudicated” factor, courts “have placed the burden of proof on the party opposing remand.” In re AOG Entm’t, Inc., 569 B.R. 563, 573 (Bankr. S.D.N.Y. 2017) (emphasis in original). In this case, the Court finds that the backlog-of-the-state-court’s-calendar factor weighs slightly against remand.4 Defendant Riverlife failed to present any evidence to support its opposition to timely adjudication in state court. (Dkt. No. 35, at 12-14.) However, the Court recognizes that, at the very least, there will be an additional delay because Plaintiff replaced C.L. King as the named party in this action, which would require the refiling of new motions before the state court. Parmalat Capital Fin. Ltd. v. Bank of Am. Corp, 671, F.3d 261, 267 (2d Cir. 2012) (“Parmalat 2″). This delay slightly undercuts the state court’s ability to timely adjudicate this matter. Accordingly, despite Defendant Riverlife’s failure to address the state court’s calendar backlog in its entirety, this factor weighs slightly against remanding this action to state court. Second, the Court finds that the complexity of the issues presented and the expertise of each forum weighs slightly in favor of remanding the action to state court. “Absent contrary evidence, a federal court must presume that a state court will operate efficiently and effectively in adjudicating the matters before it.” In re AOG Entm’t, Inc., 569 B.R. 563, 573 (Bankr. S.D.N.Y. 2017). In its opposition to the motion to remand, Defendant Riverlife argues that Plaintiff has succeeded C.L. King’s interests in the lawsuit, and the action was still in its initial stages when removed. Defendant Riverlife again fails to address why state court is not the proper forum to apply New York law, or how federal courts have a greater expertise in bankruptcy-related cases. (Dkt. No. 35, at 10-14.) However, the Court notes that federal courts routinely hear bankruptcy proceedings as well as non-core proceedings. 28 U.S.C. §§1334, 1452. Therefore, this factor weighs slightly in favor of remanding this action to state court. The third factor, the “status of the title 11 bankruptcy proceeding to which the state law claims are related,” weighs against remand. Courts interpreting the phrase “timely adjudication” “have focused on whether allowing an action to proceed in state court will have any unfavorable effect on the administration of the bankruptcy case.” In re New 118th LLC, 396 B.R. 885, 890 (Bankr. S.D.N.Y. 2008) (quoting In re Midgard Corp, 204 B.R. 764, 778 [10th Cir. 1997]). [A] trustee in a chapter 11 reorganization may require expeditious resolution of the state law claims in order to determine what resources are available to fund the chapter 11 reorganization. For this reason, courts have found that what might be timely in the Chapter 7 context is not necessarily timely in Chapter 11 cases where time is of the essence. Parmalat 1, 639 F.3d at 581. Although Chapter 7 proceedings do not necessarily require state court claims to be resolved first, a “court may, however, find that a particular…proceeding does create a need for urgency among the litigants in the state law proceeding.” Id. at 581 n.9. In this case, the immediate action is related to Defendant Nicklin’s Chapter 7 proceeding because it may have a conceivable effect on the estate. In re New 118th LLC, 396 B.R. at 890. On the record before this Court, Plaintiff has not submitted a confirmed liquidating plan in Defendant Nicklin’s Chapter 7 bankruptcy proceeding, presumably because Plaintiff is awaiting the Court’s decision. Although Chapter 7 bankruptcy proceedings do not ordinarily require the same expeditious resolution as a Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceeding, the Court concludes that the immediate action needs to be resolved quickly to avoid prolonging the administration of Defendant Nicklin’s estate. Accordingly, the third factor weighs against remand. Finally, the fourth factor, “whether a state court proceeding would prolong the administration or liquidation of the bankruptcy estate” weighs slightly against remand. In a Chapter 7 proceeding there is no administrative urgency or plan of reorganization to facilitate and timely adjudication can be weighed relatively lightly.” Parmalat 2, 671 F.3d at 268-69 (quoting In re Leco Enters., Inc., 144 B.R. 244, 251 [S.D.N.Y. 1992]). However, the issue is whether abstention “unduly prolong[s] the administration of the estate.” Parmalat 1, 639 F.3d at 58. In this case, abstention would unduly prolong the administration of the estate for two reasons. First, Plaintiff opposes Defendant Gorguze’s motion to remand. (Dkt. No. 39.) Second, remanding this action to state court would lead to repetitious discovery and parallel adjudication of common issues because Defendant Nicklin and Plaintiff are involved in eight other related actions in federal court, including Defendant Nicklin’s Chapter 7 bankruptcy proceeding. Although Defendant Gorguze argues that the immediate action and the other related actions arise from wholly different transactions, no discovery has taken place to date to confirm Defendant Gorguze’s speculative position. (Dkt. No. 35, at 13.) Furthermore, although Defendant Gorguze argues that the state court entered a detailed decision in this matter, the state court’s decision was a five-page opinion rejecting Defendant Nicklin and Riverlife’s motion to dismiss; neither Defendant Gorguze nor Defendant Multi-Pack was the subject of the state court’s decision. (Dkt. No. 1-13.) In fact, the state court did not have the opportunity to rule on Defendant Gorguze’s motion to dismiss for lack of personal jurisdiction because this action was removed to federal court approximately five-months after the motion was filed. With the suit in its infancy, coupled with Plaintiff’s opposition to remand, the Court concludes that the administration of Defendant Nicklin’s estate would be unduly prolonged by remanding this action. Based on its analysis of the four above-discussed factors, the Court concludes that mandatory abstention is not appropriate in this case. Accordingly, Plaintiff’s motion for remand is denied under the mandatory abstention doctrine. 2. Permissive Abstention and Equitable Remand A district court may also abstain “in the interest of justice, or in the interest of comity with State courts or respect for State law…from hearing a particular proceeding arising under title 11 or arising in or related to a case under title 11.” 28 U.S.C. §1334(c)(1). “As the permissive abstention and equitable remand factors overlap significantly, the Court analyzes them together.” Keybank Nat’l Ass’n v. Franklin Advisers, Inc., 600 B.R. 214, 233 (S.D.N.Y. 2019) (citing In re WorldCom, Inc. Sec. Litig., 293 B.R. 308, 344 [S.D.N.Y. 2003] ["The equitable remand analysis…is essentially the same as the Section 1334(c)(1) abstention analysis."]). In this case, both parties analyze the following seven factors: (1) the effect of the efficient administration of the bankruptcy estate; (2) the extent to which issues of state law predominate; (3) the difficulty or unsettled nature of the applicable state law; (4) comity; (5) the degree of relatedness or remoteness of the proceeding to the main bankruptcy case; (6) the existence of the right to a jury trial; and (7) prejudice to the involuntarily removed defendants. In re Residential Capital, LLC, 519 B.R. 890, 903 (Bankr. S.D.N.Y. 2014).5 “Federal courts should be sparing in their exercise of discretionary abstention” under 28 U.S.C. §1334(c)(1). In re Texaco Inc., 182 B.R. 937, 946-47 (Bankr. S.D.N.Y. 1995). In this case, the Court finds that the first factor (i.e., the effect on the efficient administration of the bankruptcy estate) weighs against remand. Generally, evidence relevant to the first factor includes (a) whether allowing the removed claim to proceed in the state court action would have a significant impact upon the administration of bankruptcy estate,6 or interfere with the bankruptcy proceeding,7 (b) the extent there might be any delay in the action due to congestion on the bankruptcy court’s docket,8 and (c) whether the bankruptcy court possesses less expertise and familiarity with the case than does the state court.9 Here, as pointed out by Defendant Gorguze, “it is the Chapter 7 trustee — not [Defendant Riverlife] — that decides whether the claims asserted in the [a]ction are merited and worth pursuing in the bankruptcy proceeding for the benefit of [Defendant] Nicklin’s creditors.” (Dkt. No. 25-2, at 11.) As previously discussed, Plaintiff, the Chapter 7 trustee, opposes Defendant Gorguze’s motion to remand “for substantially the same reasons as those set forth in the opposition filed by [Defendant Riverlife]….” (Dkt. No. 39, at 4.) Furthermore, forcing Plaintiff to appear in multiple jurisdictions would not promote the efficient administration of the bankruptcy estate, particularly in light of the potential to coordinate discovery in all related actions. Accordingly, the Court concludes that this action, together with the seven other removed cases pending before the Court, could have a significant impact on the administration of the bankruptcy estate and interfere with the bankruptcy proceeding. The Court finds that the second and third factors (i.e., the extent to which issues of state law predominate, and the difficulty or unsettled nature of the applicable state law) weigh against remand. Generally, evidence relevant to the second and third factors includes the following: (a) the extent to which any non-state-law claims are present in the action,10 (b) whether the state law is particularly complex or its application requires special expertise,11 (c) whether the state court is more familiar with the case because it had been involved in it for a significant period of time,12 and (d) whether the state court is well suited to efficiently adjudicate the matter.13 Here, Defendant Gorguze has provided no support for her claim that the removed action is unsettled, particularly unusual, or unfamiliar to the Court. Although the Complaint’s causes of action are based solely on New York State law, a “constructive fraudulent conveyance action brought by a trustee…under Section 544 is a claim arising under federal law.” In re Tribune Co. Fraudulent Conveyance Litig., 818 F.3d 98, 111 (2d Cir. 2016.) Moreover, Defendant Gorguze does not cite to any case law or issue in the record in support of her claim that state law issues predominate federal or bankruptcy law, nor does she explain how the immediate action is unrelated to Defendant Nicklin’s Chapter 7 bankruptcy proceeding.14 Furthermore, the state court has not been involved in this action since it was removed from state court approximately twelve months ago, has not overseen the completion of discovery, and has not deemed the case ready for trial. For all of these reasons, the Court finds that the second and third factors weigh against remand. The Court finds that the fourth factor (i.e., comity) is neutral, weighing in favor of remand as much as it weighs against remand (because considerations of comity to the state court exist as much as do considerations of comity to the bankruptcy court).15 The Court finds that the fifth factor (i.e., the degree of relatedness or remoteness of the proceeding to the main bankruptcy case) is neutral, weighing as much in favor of remand as it weighs against remand. Evidence relevant to the fifth factor includes (a) whether the state court proceeding had arisen a significant length of time before the date of the bankruptcy petition,16 and (b) whether the state court action is the “focal point” of the bankruptcy proceeding.17 Here, the state court proceeding was commenced on September 15, 2017, nearly seventeen months before the Plaintiff was elected to serve as trustee on February 21, 2019. However, the Court imagines that potential adverse judgments in actions like the state court proceeding below played a significant role in Defendant Nicklin’s debtors’ filing of their bankruptcy petition. Because these facts essentially negate each other, the Court finds this factor to be, by and large, neutral. The Court finds that the sixth factor (i.e., the existence of a right to a jury trial) is neutral, weighing in favor as remand as much as it weighs against remand (because neither party focuses on this factor, and Plaintiffs’ right to a jury trial would in all likelihood be honored in federal court). The Court finds that the seventh factor (i.e., prejudice to the party involuntarily removed from state court) weighs strongly against remand. Generally, evidence relevant to the seventh factor includes (a) whether actions have already been taken in the state court proceeding,18 and (b) whether retention of jurisdiction by federal court would result in significant, prejudicial delay in matter that could be resolved in an expeditious manner in the state court forum.19 Here, as stated above, the state court proceeding was in its infancy before being removed to federal court (issuing one five-page decision denying Defendant Nicklin and Riverlife’s motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim). Although Defendants Gorguze and Multi-Pack filed a motion to dismiss for lack of personal jurisdiction, the proceeding was removed before the state court issued a decision. The Court notes that Defendant Riverlife does not contest the existence of prejudice; rather, it merely tries to diminish it by arguing that Plaintiff could have brought the immediate proceeding in the Southern District of New York. (Dkt. No. 35, at 16.). The Court rejects this argument as unconvincing because Defendant Riverlife offers no evidence as to how this proceeding could have been brought in the Southern District. However, Defendant Gorguze fails to address how she would be significantly prejudiced by the Court retaining jurisdiction in this matter. Accordingly, the Court concludes that the seventh factor weighs strongly against remand. The Court finds that the eighth, ninth, tenth and eleventh factors (i.e., whether judicial economy would be served by equitable remand, whether 28 U.S.C. §1334[b] is the sole basis for exercising federal jurisdiction, whether the proceeding involves non-debtors, and the likelihood that the proceeding was removed to federal court because of forum-shopping) are neutral. The New York Supreme Court would not be able to more economically decide this proceeding due to Plaintiff’s consent to the removal and transfer of the seven related cases, Section 1334(b) is indeed the sole basis for exercising federal jurisdiction over this proceeding, this proceeding involves a non-debtor, and Defendants have conceded they removed this proceeding in the effort to transfer venue to the Southern District of New York. In sum, the first, second and third factors weigh slightly against remand; the seventh factor weighs strongly against remand; and the fourth, fifth sixth, eighth, ninth, tenth and eleventh factors are neutral. Balancing these factors, the Court finds that equitable remand is not appropriate under 28 U.S.C. §1452(b). In the alternative, the Court finds that permissible abstention is not appropriate under 28 U.S.C. §1334(c) for essentially the same reasons. Accordingly, Defendant Gorguze’s motion to remand is also denied under the equitable remand and permissive abstention doctrines. B. Whether Defendant Riverlife’s Motion to Transfer Venue Should Be Granted After carefully considering the matter, the Court answers this question in the affirmative for the reasons stated below. When considering whether to transfer a case, a district court must conduct “a two-part test: (1) whether the action to be transferred might have been brought in the transferee venue; and (2) whether the balance of convenience and justice favors transfer.” Advanced Fiber Tech. Trust v. J & L Fiber Serv. Inc., 07-CV-1191, 2008 WL 4890377, at *1 (N.D.N.Y. Nov. 12, 2008) (Homer, J.) (citation omitted); Everlast World’s Boxing Headquarters Corp. v. Ringside, Inc., 928 F. Supp. 2d 735, 741 (S.D.N.Y. 2013). The party moving to transfer venue bears the burden of showing by clear and convincing evidence that transfer is warranted. N.Y. Marine & Gen. Ins. Co. v. Lafarge N. Am., Inc., 599 F.3d 102, 114 (2d Cir. 2010). Whether to dismiss or transfer a case lies within the sound discretion of the court. D.H. Blair & Co., Inc. v. Gottdiener, 462 F.3d 95, 105 (2d Cir. 2006); In re Bennett Funding Group, Inc., 259 B.R. 243, 248 (N.D.N.Y. 2001) (Kahn, J.). 1. Whether the Action Could Have Been Brought in the Southern District of New York The parties first dispute that the Southern District of New York is a district where the action could have been brought. In support of its conclusory argument, Defendant Riverlife baldly asserts that this action could have been brought in the Southern District of New York because all Defendants are residents of New York State. However, Defendant Riverlife’s position is meritless. C.L. King’s Complaint expressly alleges that Defendant Multi-Pack is “a foreign limited liability corporation registered in the State of Delaware with a principal place of business located in Wilmington, Delaware,” and that Defendant Gorguze “is an individual and resides in La Jolla, California.” (Dkt. No. 1-1, at

14-16.) Accordingly, Defendant Riverlife’s position is contrary to the factual allegations of the Complaint. Moreover, Defendant Riverlife has failed to adduce admissible evidence in support of its position. Therefore, Defendant Riverlife is unable to establish venue is proper under 28 U.S.C. §1391(b)(1). Nevertheless, venue can also exist in “a judicial district in which a substantial part of the events or omissions giving rise to the claim occurred, or a substantial part of property that is the subject of the action is situated.” 28 U.S.C. 1391(b)(2). To determine whether venue is appropriate under 28 U.S.C. 1391(b)(2), courts must “1) identify the nature of the claims and the alleged acts or omissions giving rise to the claims, and 2) determine whether a substantial part of the acts or omissions occurred in the district where the suit was filed.” Cold Spring Harbor Lab. v. Ropes & Gray LLP, 762 F. Supp. 2d 543, 553 (E.D.N.Y. 2011). a. Nature of Claims Here, C.L. King’s Complaint asserts causes of action centered around Defendant Nicklin’s fraudulent conveyances, both personally and through entities controlled by Defendant Nicklin, in an attempt to frustrate C.L. King’s ability to recover an arbitration award. (Dkt. No. 1-1, at

 
Reprints & Licensing
Mentioned in a Law.com story?

License our industry-leading legal content to extend your thought leadership and build your brand.

More From ALM

With this subscription you will receive unlimited access to high quality, online, on-demand premium content from well-respected faculty in the legal industry. This is perfect for attorneys licensed in multiple jurisdictions or for attorneys that have fulfilled their CLE requirement but need to access resourceful information for their practice areas.
View Now
Our Team Account subscription service is for legal teams of four or more attorneys. Each attorney is granted unlimited access to high quality, on-demand premium content from well-respected faculty in the legal industry along with administrative access to easily manage CLE for the entire team.
View Now
Gain access to some of the most knowledgeable and experienced attorneys with our 2 bundle options! Our Compliance bundles are curated by CLE Counselors and include current legal topics and challenges within the industry. Our second option allows you to build your bundle and strategically select the content that pertains to your needs. Both options are priced the same.
View Now
November 27, 2024
London

Celebrating achievement, excellence, and innovation in the legal profession in the UK.


Learn More
December 02, 2024 - December 03, 2024
Scottsdale, AZ

Join the industry's top owners, investors, developers, brokers and financiers for the real estate healthcare event of the year!


Learn More
December 11, 2024
Las Vegas, NV

This event shines a spotlight on how individuals and firms are changing the investment advisory industry where it matters most.


Learn More

Description: Fox Rothschild has an opening in the New York office for an attorney in our renowned Labor & Employment Department, working...


Apply Now ›

Our client, a large, privately-owned healthcare company, has engaged us to find an Assistant General Counsel for their headquarters located ...


Apply Now ›

A prestigious matrimonial law firm in Garden City is seeking a skilled Associate Attorney with 5 to 7 years of experience in family law. The...


Apply Now ›