MEMORANDUM DECISION AND ORDER I. INTRODUCTION Plaintiff Jason D. Privler brings this action against Defendant CSX Transportation Inc., alleging claims under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (“Title VII”), as amended, 42 U.S.C. §2000e et seq., for discrimination, retaliation and hostile work environment on account of his Jewish race and/or religion1; claims under 42 U.S.C. §1981 (“§1981″) for racial discrimination and retaliation on account of his Jewish race; and claims under the Americans with Disabilities Act (“ADA”), 42 U.S.C. §§12101-12213 for discrimination, retaliation and hostile work environment on account of his perceived disability. (Dkt. No. 9). Defendant moves for summary judgment under Rule 56 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. (Dkt. No. 59). Plaintiff has opposed the motion, (Dkt. No. 60), and Defendant has replied, (Dkt. No. 61). For the reasons set forth below, Defendant’s motion for summary judgment is granted in part and denied in part. II. FACTS2 A. Background on Defendant and the Utility Worker Position Defendant is a Class I freight railroad that operates an extensive railroad network in the Eastern United States and Canada. (Dkt. No. 59-27, 1; Dkt. No. 60-3, 1). Defendant’s Selkirk, New York railroad yard and related facilities (collectively, the “Selkirk Facility”) are situated at the crossroads of the transportation of rail freight between the Eastern Great Lakes, Eastern Canada, New England, and the Atlantic coast. (Dkt. No. 59-27, 2; Dkt. No. 60-3, 2). The Selkirk Facility is one of the busiest transportation hubs and freight switching facilities in Defendant’s railroad network. (Dkt. No. 59-27, 3; Dkt. No. 60-3, 3). Defendant’s workforce at the Selkirk Facility services locomotives and railcars and assembles trains in the railroad yard for dispatch to a large number of locations throughout the Eastern United States and Canada. (Dkt. No. 59-27, 4; Dkt. No. 60-3, 4). Defendant’s locomotive shop at the Selkirk Facility services, maintains, and repairs arriving locomotives. (Dkt. No. 59-27, 5; Dkt. No. 60-3, 5). Utility workers at the Selkirk Facility assist the processing of locomotives in the locomotive shop and move locomotives into position to be joined with outgoing railcars. (Dkt. No. 59-27, 6; Dkt. No. 60-3, 6). The Selkirk Facility is a “24/7″ operation in which trains are assembled and dispatched all hours of the day, seven days per week, and there is little significant difference in the volume of activity between weekdays and weekends. (Dkt. No. 59-27,
9-10; Dkt. No. 60 3,
