OPINION & ORDER The Office of the New York State Attorney General (the “OAG” or “Plaintiff”) brings this Action against Red Rose Rescue (“Red Rose”), Christopher Moscinski (“Moscinski”), Matthew Connolly (“Connolly”), William Goodman (“Goodman”), Laura Gies (“Gies”), John Hinshaw (“Hinshaw”), and “John and Jane Does” (together, “Defendants”). (See generally Compl. (Dkt. No. 1).)1 The OAG alleges that Defendants engaged in “coordinated and repeated illegal conduct, ranging from criminal trespass to barricading clinic entrances in order to block access to abortion services in New York” and therefore seeks injunctive relief and damages pursuant to the Freedom of Access to Clinic Entrances Act, 18 U.S.C. §248 (the “FACE Act”), and the New York Clinic Access Act, N.Y. Civ. Rights Law §79-m (the “NYSCAA”). (Compl.
1, 3, 101-10.) Before the Court is the OAG’s Proposed Order to Show Cause for a Preliminary Injunction (“PI Motion”), which seeks an order “enjoining [] Defendants during the pendency of this [A]ction from being present in an area extending thirty feet from any reproductive health facility in [New York State].” (Proposed Order to Show Cause (“Proposed OSC”) 1 (Dkt. No. 24); see also Pl.’s Mem. of Law in Supp. of Mot. for PI (“Pl. Mem.”) (Dkt. No. 25); Decl. of Sandra E. Pullman in Supp. of Mot. for PI (“Pullman Decl.”) (Dkt. No. 26).) This Opinion and Order constitutes the Court’s findings of fact and conclusions of law as to the OAG’s PI Motion.2 See Fed. R. Civ. P. 52(a)(2) (“In granting or refusing an interlocutory injunction, the court must [] state the findings and conclusions that support its action.”); see also id. 65(d)(1)(A) (“Every order granting an injunction…must[]…state the reasons why it issued[.]“).3 As explained below, the OAG’s PI Motion is granted in part. I. Background4 A. Red Rescues Generally Since as early as 2017, anti-abortion advocates — including the Individual Defendants in this Action — have participated in so-called Red Rose Rescues (“RRRs”), during which participants seek to enter a clinic where abortions are performed, sit in the clinic’s waiting room, and “speak with women who have already arrived for their abortion procedures.” (Decl. of Monica Migliorino Miller in Opp’n to Mot. for PI (“Miller Decl.”)
