DECISION and ORDER Currently before the Court, in this civil rights action filed by Loretta Poyneer (“Plaintiff”) against New York State United Teachers (“NYSUT”), Syracuse Teachers Association (“STA”) (together, the “Union Defendants”), and Syracuse City School District (“SCSD”) (collectively “Defendants”), is the Union Defendants’ motion to dismiss Plaintiff’s Complaint for lack of subject-matter jurisdiction and failure to state a claim upon which relief can be granted pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(1) and 12(b)(6). (Dkt. No. 47.) Defendant SCSD joined the Union Defendants’ motion by a declaration filed on July 6, 2023. (Dkt. No. 54.) For the reasons set forth below, the Union Defendants’ motion is granted, and Plaintiff’s Complaint is dismissed. I. RELEVANT BACKGROUND A. Plaintiff’s Complaint Generally, in her Complaint, Plaintiff asserts two claims. (Dkt. No. 1.) First, Plaintiff claims that Defendants violated her First Amendment rights of association, free speech, and free choice (as incorporated against the states through the Fourteenth Amendment) by continuing to deduct moneys from her wages to pay dues to the Union Defendants even after she resigned from membership in those unions without procuring from her a valid waiver of her constitutional rights. (Id. at
51-66.) As part of this claim, Plaintiff alleges that N.Y. Civ. Serv. L. §§201 and 208 (the “Taylor Law”) are unconstitutional, either facially or as applied, because they require public employees to maintain an unwilling allegiance to and financial support of employee organizations of which they are not members. (Id.) Second, Plaintiff claims that Defendants violated her right to due process under the Fourteenth Amendment by failing to provide Plaintiff with notice or a meaningful opportunity to object to the continued deduction of her wages as dues to the Union Defendants. (Id. at
