Recent census data shows that over 1 million same-sex couples currently live in the United States with over 700,000 of them being married with many more potentially being uncounted. While the recent federal Respect for Marriage Act offers additional protections for married same-sex couples, same-sex couples, married or not, should review their estate planning documents and applicable state and federal laws to ensure that the couple, and their wishes, are adequately protected. This article explains how the Respect for Marriage Act impacts married same-sex couples in their estate planning, while identifying opportunities for families and advisors to better plan, prepare, and protect for probate, incapacity, and taxes.