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FACTS:Jeff Budden’s friend, Hayden Black (now deceased), asked Budden to order several “bootloader” devices from Mountain Electronics, an Internet retailer. A bootloader is a device that thwarts electronic countermeasures (ECMs) that DIRECTV Inc. (DTV) periodically sends out in its satellite transmissions to disable unauthorized access cards. According to Bill Gatliff of DTV, a bootloader is solely designed for circumventing DTV’s access system.