In the case of Lafferty v. Off-Spec Solutions (In re Off-Spec Solutions), 651 B.R. 862 (9th B.A.P. 2023), the U.S. Bankruptcy Appellate Panel of the Ninth Circuit held that the discharge exceptions under Section 523(a) do not apply to corporate debtors under Subchapter V of Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code. In so holding, the Lafferty court disagreed with the decision rendered by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit, the only circuit court to address this issue in the case of Cantwell-Cleary v. Cleary Packaging (In re Cleary Packaging), 36 F.4th 509 (4th Cir. 2022).