Last term’s U.S. Supreme Court decision upholding time limitations to sue regarding Employee Retirement Income Security Act welfare benefit plans, as well as the cases decided since by lower courts, provides important guidance to drafters of ERISA plan provisions. Those charged with drafting such plans would be well served to include contractual limitations on the time to sue in order to provide nationwide unanimity in enforcement, avoid the litigation of stale claims and set expectations of plan participants.

In Heimeshoff v. Hartford Life and Accident Insurance, 134 S.Ct. 604, 187 L.Ed. 2d 529 (2013), the Supreme Court unanimously held under ERISA that a contractual limitation on the time to file suit (sometimes referred to as a contractual statute of limitations) is enforceable unless that period is “unreasonably short” or contrary to a controlling statute. Resolving a circuit split, the Supreme Court further held that the limitations period can begin to run before the participant’s cause of action accrues.

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