The court of appeals reversed a district court judgment and remanded. The court held that an affidavit of authenticity wsa not required for a document which could have been authenticated merely by review of its contents.

Amine Nehme was a repeat gambler at the Venetian, which operated a Las Vegas casino. In keeping with standard gambling industry procedures, Nehme applied for casino credit using a written application form. He then received from the Venetian a “marker,” which was a “pay to the order of” instrument linked to Nehme’s line of credit at the casino. As was the norm, the Venetian was entitled to submit the marker to Nehme’s bank for payment as if it were a check on Nehme’s bank account if Nehme failed to pay the marker when he finished gambling.