SACRAMENTO — A Ninth Circuit panel today upheld San Francisco’s ranked-choice voting system, calling any burdens on voters’ constitutional rights “minimal at best” and outweighed by the city’s interests in lowering election costs and expressing “nuanced” voting preferences.

Six residents, including unsuccessful supervisorial candidate Ron Dudum, had challenged San Francisco’s practice — also known as restricted instant runoff voting — of allowing voters to rank up to three candidates running for city office. The plaintiffs argued that the seven-year-old system disenfranchises some voters by limiting their ranked choices to three, even in fields with more candidates.

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