The increased numbers of securities lawsuits and Securities Exchange Commission investigations involving Chinese companies is creating a dilemma as private litigants and the SEC pursue discovery of documents located in China. Many companies and individuals that have received or will receive these discovery requests and subpoenas will essentially be forced to choose between violating U.S. or Chinese law.

This predicament exists because of the two countries’ fundamentally differing laws concerning discovery. On the one hand, the SEC is arguably empowered under U.S. law to issue investigative subpoenas with respect to certain documents located in China, and civil plaintiffs are making efforts to directly serve similar discovery under a broad interpretation of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. On the other hand, there are strict prohibitions under Chinese law on such discovery occurring within its borders, the most well-known of which are restrictions on the disclosure of information deemed to be “state secrets.”

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