A Modern Approach to the 'Grave Risk of Harm' Defense

See

Evolution of “Physical Harm” Definition

See, e.g., Nunez-Escudero v. Tice-Menley regardless Children's exposure to intimate partner violence: An overview See Children Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence: Research Findings and Implications for Intervention, Measuring Children's Exposure to Domestic Violence: The Development and Testing of the Child Exposure to Domestic Violence (CEDV) Scale, Child Protection in Families Experiencing Domestic Violence Attachment Perspectives on Domestic Violence and Family Law

Psychological Impact

Davies v. Davies Davies v. Davies Davies

The evidence at trial showed beyond any doubt that Mr. Davies's behavior towards both Ms. Davies and K.D., and in K.D.'s presence, was extremely violent, unpredictable, outrageous, menacing, and dangerous. It was a pervasive, manipulative violence that left few physical scars, but which was nonetheless severely damaging to Ms. Davies, and runs an almost certain risk of continuing to negatively affect K.D.

Souratgar v. Lee, Soto v. Contreras

Conclusion

Valentina Shaknes is a partner with McLaughlin & Stern where she concentrates her practice exclusively in the areas of matrimonial and family law.